Though hominids flourished in Eurasia from 1.8 Ma onwards, Africa was once again the cradle of the latest - and most successful - hominid adventure. The oldest known remains of Homo sapiens, our very species, were discovered in Ethiopia around 200 Ka. Our worldwide expansion started by 100 Ka and ended only a few thousands years ago in America and the Pacific. On our way, we met with at least two other species of hominids, Homo neanderthalensis and Homo floresiensis. After they disappeared (at ca. 30 Ka and 13 Ka, respectively), we remained the last hominid species on Earth. Homo sapiens expanded from Arica probably in several occasions: around 100 Ka(western Asia – white arrow), 80 Ka (southern Asia - blue arrow), and 45 Ka (Europe, central Asia – green arrows),